Early Spring Landscape Prep: 5 Tasks to Do Before March

Winter is loosening its grip, and if you're like most homeowners, you're already dreaming about those first warm days when your yard comes back to life. But here's the secret that separates thriving landscapes from struggling ones: the work you do in late February sets the stage for everything that follows.
At Vivid Landscape, we've seen firsthand how a few strategic tasks completed before March can mean the difference between a landscape that flourishes and one that limps through the growing season. The best part? Most of these preparations are straightforward, and tackling them now—while temperatures are still cool and your yard is relatively dormant—makes the work easier and more effective.
Let's dive into the five essential tasks you should complete before March arrives.
1. Assess and Document Winter Damage
Before you can move forward, you need to understand what winter left behind. Late February is the perfect time for a thorough landscape assessment because damage is visible, but plants haven't yet leafed out to obscure problems.
What to Look For:
Branch damage on trees and shrubs: Look for cracked, split, or broken branches caused by ice, snow weight, or wind. Dead branches will appear brittle and dry, while living wood shows green tissue when scratched with a fingernail.
Frost heaving: Perennials, especially newly planted ones, can be pushed out of the ground by freeze-thaw cycles. You'll see exposed roots or plants sitting higher than they should.
Salt damage: If you live near roads or used de-icing products, look for browning on evergreens or dead patches in lawn areas near walkways and driveways.
Animal damage: Deer, rabbits, and voles are particularly active in winter. Check for stripped bark, chewed branches, and tunnels in mulched areas.
Drainage issues: Walk your property after a rain or during snow melt. Note where water pools, where erosion has occurred, or where downspouts are creating problems.
Take Action:
Document everything with photos and notes. This creates a reference point for future years and helps you track recurring issues. For significant tree damage or structural concerns, this is the time to call in a professional arborist before the problem worsens or becomes a safety hazard.
We recommend creating a simple sketch of your property and marking problem areas. This becomes your action plan for the weeks ahead and helps you prioritize tasks based on urgency and budget.
2. Prune Dormant Trees and Shrubs (Selectively)
Late winter pruning is one of the most beneficial tasks you can perform, but timing and technique matter tremendously. Pruning during dormancy allows you to see the structure clearly, minimizes stress on plants, and reduces disease transmission risk.
What to Prune Now:
Summer-flowering shrubs: Plants like butterfly bush, crape myrtle, and rose of Sharon bloom on new growth, so pruning now encourages vigorous spring growth and more flowers.
Fruit trees: Most fruit trees benefit from late winter pruning to shape the tree, remove damaged wood, and improve air circulation. This is especially critical for apples, pears, and stone fruits.
Dead, damaged, or diseased wood: Remove this from any plant, any time. There's no wrong season to eliminate hazards or disease sources.
Crossing or rubbing branches: These create wounds that invite pests and diseases. Remove the weaker of two crossing branches.
Overgrown deciduous shrubs: If your forsythia, spirea, or viburnum has become unruly, late winter is your window for renovation pruning.
What NOT to Prune Now:
Spring-flowering shrubs: Plants like lilac, azalea, rhododendron, and forsythia bloom on old wood. Pruning now removes this spring's flower buds. Wait until immediately after they finish blooming.
Birches, maples, and dogwoods: These "bleeders" lose significant sap when pruned in late winter. While not fatal, it's messy and stressful for the plant. Prune these in summer after leaves have fully developed.
Oaks in oak wilt areas: If you live where oak wilt is present, avoid pruning oaks until they're fully leafed out to minimize infection risk.
Pro Technique:
Always prune to a bud or lateral branch, making cuts at a slight angle about 1/4 inch above the bud. This promotes proper healing and directs new growth. For branches larger than 2 inches in diameter, use the three-cut method to prevent bark tearing: first cut underneath the branch about a foot from the trunk, then cut from above slightly farther out to remove the branch, finally remove the stub just outside the branch collar.
If you're unsure about pruning or dealing with large trees, this is absolutely the time to bring in professionals. Poor pruning techniques can damage plants for years or even prove fatal.
3. Prepare and Amend Your Soil
Soil preparation is arguably the most important—and most overlooked—spring preparation task. Healthy soil grows healthy plants, period. Late February gives you the perfect window to address soil issues before planting season arrives.
Conduct a Soil Test:
This is the single most valuable task you can perform. A proper soil test tells you pH levels, nutrient content, organic matter percentage, and specific amendment recommendations for your soil.
Most university extension services offer affordable testing (usually $10-30), and the results typically arrive within 2-3 weeks—perfect timing for March planting. Don't guess about soil amendments; test and know for sure.
Key Soil Amendments to Consider:
Compost: The universal soil improver. Compost increases organic matter, improves drainage in clay soils, increases water retention in sandy soils, and feeds beneficial microorganisms. Apply 1-3 inches across beds and work into the top few inches of soil.
Lime or sulfur: If your soil test shows pH issues, now's the time to correct them. Lime raises pH for acid soils; sulfur lowers pH for alkaline soils. Both work slowly, so applying now means they'll be effective by peak growing season.
Organic matter for vegetable gardens: If you're planning a vegetable garden, work in generous amounts of compost or well-aged manure now. This gives amendments time to integrate before planting.
Mycorrhizal fungi: These beneficial fungi form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, dramatically improving nutrient uptake. Adding them to soil before planting gives new plants a significant advantage.
Timing Considerations:
Only work soil when it's ready. Squeeze a handful—if it forms a muddy ball that doesn't crumble, it's too wet. Working wet soil destroys structure and creates compaction that takes years to correct. If soil crumbles easily, it's ready to work.
In many regions, late February soil might still be partially frozen or too wet. That's fine—getting your soil test done now means you'll have results and a plan ready the moment conditions are right.
4. Clean Up Debris and Refresh Mulch
A thorough cleanup does more than improve appearance—it eliminates overwintering pests and diseases while giving you a clear view of your landscape's condition.
The Late Winter Cleanup Checklist:
Remove dead annuals and cut back perennials: If you left perennials standing for winter interest or wildlife benefit, now's the time to cut them back to about 2-3 inches above ground. This removes disease and pest habitat while making room for new growth.
Clear leaf litter and debris: Thick layers of wet leaves can smother emerging plants and harbor fungal diseases. Rake them away from plant crowns and add to compost or municipal yard waste collection.
Edge beds and pathways: Redefine bed edges now while you can see the landscape structure clearly. This single task dramatically improves overall appearance.
Inspect and clean hardscaping: Check patios, walkways, and retaining walls for winter damage, settling, or needed repairs. Address small issues now before they become major problems.
Service equipment: While cleaning up, sharpen mower blades, change oil in equipment, and ensure everything's ready for the busy season ahead.
Mulch Refresh Strategy:
Mulch breaks down over time and needs replenishment. Late February is ideal because you can see exactly where mulch is thin without fighting through foliage.
How much to apply: Most landscapes need 2-4 inches of mulch total. If you have 1-2 inches remaining, add another 1-2 inches to reach proper depth.
What type to use: Shredded hardwood bark is the most versatile option, breaking down slowly while improving soil. Pine bark nuggets work well for slopes. Avoid dyed mulches, which may contain chemical additives.
Proper application: Pull mulch back from plant stems and tree trunks, creating a small gap. "Volcano mulching"—piling mulch against trunks—invites rot, pest problems, and disease. Think of it as creating a donut, not a volcano.
Fresh mulch provides multiple benefits: it suppresses weeds before they germinate, moderates soil temperature, retains moisture once spring arrives, and gives your landscape an immediate visual boost.
5. Plan and Order for Spring Planting
The most successful landscape projects begin with planning, not impulse purchases at the garden center. Late February is your strategic planning window—nurseries have spring inventory arriving, but you're ahead of the rush.
Create Your Planting Plan:
Review what worked (and what didn't): Look at photos from last year. Which areas looked sparse? Which plants struggled? Which combinations were stunning? Learn from both successes and failures.
Identify gaps and opportunities: As you walk your property during winter assessment, note areas that need attention. Maybe that corner by the driveway looks bare. Perhaps the foundation planting needs refreshing. Mark these areas on your property sketch.
Consider succession of interest: Plan for color and interest across all seasons, not just spring. Choose plants that offer multiple seasons of appeal through flowers, foliage, texture, or winter structure.
Check your growing conditions: Note sun exposure, soil moisture, and existing conditions in each planting area. Choose plants suited to those conditions rather than trying to change the environment to suit the plants.
Take Action Now:
Order bare-root plants: Many perennials, roses, and even some shrubs are available as bare-root stock in late winter at significant savings. These establish quickly when planted during dormancy.
Reserve hard-to-find varieties: If you're looking for specific cultivars or specialty plants, contacting nurseries now ensures availability. Popular varieties often sell out by April.
Book professional services: If you're planning hardscape installation, irrigation work, or major planting projects, landscape professionals book up quickly. February consultations often mean March or April installation—wait until April, and you might be looking at June.
Order soil amendments and mulch: Beat the spring rush by ordering bulk materials now. Many suppliers offer pre-season discounts, and you'll have everything on hand when conditions are right for application.
Budget Considerations:
Planning now also allows for better budget management. You can spread purchases over several weeks, compare prices between suppliers, and make thoughtful decisions rather than impulse buys. Many landscape companies offer discounts for projects booked in the off-season.
The Vivid Landscape Approach
At Vivid Landscape, we've learned that the most beautiful landscapes aren't created in a single season—they're built through consistent attention at the right times. These late February tasks form the foundation for everything that follows.
We often tell clients that spending a weekend on these five tasks will save you countless hours of problem-solving and remedial work during the busy growing season. It's the difference between managing your landscape proactively and constantly reacting to problems.
When to Call in the Professionals
While many of these tasks are DIY-friendly, certain situations benefit from professional expertise:
- Tree work requiring ladders or involving large branches
- Extensive pruning on mature or valuable specimens
- Grading or drainage corrections
- Large-scale mulch or soil amendment applications
- Comprehensive landscape renovations or new installations
We offer early spring assessment services where our team evaluates your landscape, identifies priorities, and creates an actionable plan customized to your property, budget, and goals. Many clients use this service to tackle major items professionally while handling smaller tasks themselves—a cost-effective approach that ensures critical work is done correctly.













